Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: The September 11 attack has prompted government actions to curtail civil liberties, increase racial profiling, tighten borders, and limit immigration. The victimization of South and Central Asians, Arabs, Muslims, Sikhs, and anyone else who is perceived to have these characteristics is reminiscent of anti-Asian stereotyping, discrimination, and racial violence over the past 150 years, particularly during times of economic crisis and war. This paper explores the relationship between race, religion, culture, and national origin historically for Asians in America, particularly during World War II and in the present crisis.