Publication Type: Poster
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Carbon dioxide absorbed by the oceans is causing seawater to become more acidic. This process, known as ocean acidification, will have serious consequences for marine life because it impairs the ability of species such as phytoplankton, shellfish, and corals to build the protective shells and skeletons they need to survive. Seawater chemistry is changing at an unprecedented rate with potentially devastating impacts on the ocean ecosystem.

Ocean acidification will become an important policy consideration driving local, national and international efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In the absence of current federal regulation of carbon dioxide emissions, we discuss how existing laws including the Clean Water Act (CWA) and Endangered Species Act (ESA) may be brought to bear to force such reductions.

The CWA, which protects the nation’s waters from pollution, includes tools to address changes in pH. We discuss how the pollution controls under the CWA may apply to regulation of carbon dioxide. We also discuss how the ESA’s prohibitions against “jeopardy” and “adverse modification” of critical habitat for listed species might apply to carbon dioxide-generating actions of U.S. federal agencies. The listing of elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata) and staghorn coral (A. cervicornis) as “threatened” was the first federal rulemaking to recognize ocean acidification, yet the effectiveness of the protective tools under the ESA remains to be seen.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The Youth Criminal Justice (YCJA) illustrates a significant departure from the Young Offenders Act (YOA). For example, the emphasis on proportionality consistently throughout the YCJA suggests that business should not be as usual. Although most attention has been devoted to the introduction of extrajudicial measures and extrajudicial sanctions, less attention has been given to probation as a sanction despite being one of the most commonly imposed sanctions for young offenders in Canada. This study examines the lengths and conditions attached to probation under the YOA compared to the YCJA with an emphasis on the factor past record of offending. Since data is not available about breach rates, interviews will be conducted with probation officers about their experiences with breaches. The findings are analysed within the broader contexts of sentencing principles under the YCJA and the regulation of youths’ behaviour.

Publication Type: Invited Paper

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This paper explores questions of identity as they emerge within the contested terrain of the Fair Labor Standards Act. The authors follow the emergence the “worker” within the new economy and workforce. In the end, the authors look at labor practice and participatory management for suggestions on how we can reinterpret the field and practice of human resources and labor organizing.

Publication Type: Invited Paper