Publication Type: Proceeding

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This paper investigates the politics of trade adjustment assistance – the provision of income, training and relocation assistance for workers losing their jobs due to trade openness. We develop and test the argument that such assistance might have a politics distinct from the politics of welfare and trade policies with which it overlaps. First, we argue that imperfect substitutability between trade adjustment assistance and trade protection, combined with the political linkage between adjustment assistance and trade liberalization, encourages strategic position-taking among voters as well as policymakers. The result is that opposition to trade liberalization tends to weaken support for trade adjustment assistance among individuals who, owing to their economic circumstances, stand to gain the most from such assistance. Second, we argue that left (liberal) self-identification and partisanship reflect normative values and causal beliefs that are partly independent of economic self-interest and are strong predictors of individual support for trade adjustment assistance. These arguments find empirical support in the history of lobbying and legislative bargaining over the U.S.Trade Adjustment Assistance program since 1962, and in more extensive analysis of data on individual attitudes towards trade adjustment assistance among American voters.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Theory and empirical evidence suggest that work-family conflict makes people want to change the number of hours they work. However, since most studies examine work-family conflict or work hours but not both, it is unclear what kinds of changes people want or why work-family conflict makes them want those changes. Using insights from the work hours and work-family literatures, we analyze two waves of panel data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey to find some answers. Our results indicate that family-to-work conflict does not make people want to change their hours. Work-to-family conflict, however, makes people want to reduce their hours because it leads to increases in actual hours but not preferred hours. We also find that people who want to reduce their hours are often unable to do so and that when they reconcile their preferences and their behavior, they do it largely by coming to prefer more hours rather than by working fewer. These findings indicate that the relationship between work-family conflict and work hours is more complicated than anticipated. They also suggest that our understanding of work-family coping strategies can be improved by distinguishing between what people want to do and what they are able to accomplish.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: This paper reports the results of a study on the intercultural adjustment experience of Japanese students overseas. First, it describes the culture shock experience of university students, according to the definition given by Mumforld (1999). It then analyzes the multi-dimensional relationship of various constructs used in cross-cultural research as co-influencing the students` adaptation abroad. It suggests that other than language and interpersonal communication competence (Nishida, 1984), the skill in intercultural communication competence (ICC) is more essential in predicting success in overseas adaptation (Hammer, et al, 2003). By categorizing research variables into two groups: those that describe the sojourners` psychological and environmental conditions prior to departure, and those of the host culture, it attempts to provide an integrative framework for an analysis of intercultural adaptation research. (Kim,1989).

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This study analyzes a specific manifestation of individual adjustments associated with the implementation of a document imaging and a customer service database system: how the physical landscapes of users' desktops change. While the participants had different job functions and different levels of comfort with technology, all had on their desktops paper artifacts related to the change in the system. Many of these items were placed on or around their computer monitors, and were used as reminders, process summaries, indicators of system failures of poor interface design, or temporary, transitional information. Individuals were often reluctant to dispose of paper related to the old system even though they no longer used the system to process information. More generally, conceptual analyses identified several underlying dimensions of paper desktop artifacts: paper/electronic, materiality/complexity, forms as organizational media, and artifact as meta-information. Physical desktop artifacts play a useful role in individuals' adjustment to a new system, can provide valuable information for systems analysis and evaluation, and should be included in research on both traditional and new communication and information systems.