Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: By examining different historiographies of the Reconstruction, I will attempt to demonstrate how theories of popular sovereignty can help inform and be informed by constitutional historiography. I will argue that the problem of constitutional continuity is the problem of negotiation popular sovereignty over time.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: As part of a long-term effort to improve the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) core interview, Census Bureau staff implemented numerous changes throughout the SIPP questionnaire, and evaluated those changes in a series of field experiments. One main objective identified for the demographics sections of the instrument, was to design a new roster and a new set of non-standard roster probes to collect a more complete initial roster and to capture marginal and tenuously attached household members. An earlier paper (Chan 2003) has discussed positive results on the newly designed roster procedures and probes. Little is known about the long-term prospects of tenuously-attached household members in SIPP. These members were either enumerated by the initial roster and later reported not usually living in the household or were almost-missed household members identified by roster probes during the first wave of the Survey of Income and Program Participation field tests. Currently, SIPP revisits sample households 9 times over 3 years. What happens to the Wave 1 tenuously-attached people in later waves of the survey? Do they remain "in" (according to SIPP definitions) the households where we first identified them, or do they move out with some frequency, or even come and go? Do these people provide useful data? Answers to these questions have major implications for the future design of the SIPP interview. What's the best way to continue to probe for this category of likely-to-be-missed persons in the eight followup survey waves? How do we balance the survey's coverage quality against respondent burden? This exploratory research will utilize data from the second and third Methods Panel field tests (2 waves were administered) and will explore at least the short-term prospects for continued survey participation for tenuously-attached household members.

Publication Type: School Poster
Abstract: Background: During the College's 2004 strategic planning retreat, several goals were developed; one of which addressed gaining national recognition for the College's continuous process improvement program. As part of this goal, the College's Assessment Committee was charged with developing a process by which assessment data is gathered, disseminated, archived, evaluated, and whereby recommendations for improvement are forwarded to the faculty for consideration.

Objective: To describe continuous quality improvement efforts through the use of process maps and relate the benefits of the process.

Method: The College Assessment Committee has begun the development of flowcharts to visually display the process of a number of policies and procedures. The flowcharts incorporate process flow, responsible individuals or groups, action steps, and deadlines for each major college process. Processes are linked to both curricular and non-curricular outcomes measured in the College's Assessment Plan.

Outcomes: Flowcharts have been refined following their use after one year. To date, ten processes have been mapped with flowcharts. These processes include: promotion and tenure, course/faculty evaluations, peer teaching reviews, and assessment measures such as NAPLEX/MPJE score reports, Senior/Alumni surveys, faculty and student development, admission measures, and scholarship outcomes. The flowcharts have provided opportunities for the College to assure quality improvement efforts by adhering to policies and deadlines, incorporating review of assessment data to improve processes, and clearly quantifying policies and procedures to all stakeholders.

Publication Type: Abstract
Abstract: Introduction: Improving symposium quality and increasing participant ownership are important principles in pharmacist Continuing Professional Education (CPE). This study sought to determine the impact of utilizing online needs analyses on these principles.
Methods: Prior to an annual CPE symposium, potential pharmacist participants prospectively completed two online needs analyses to determine the symposium’s topic and specific learning objectives. Upon completion of the symposium, participants evaluated the influence of completing the needs analyses by ranking their level of agreement, using a five-point Likert Scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree), with the following statements: “Being involved in the development of this symposium by completing both needs analyses: (1) influenced my decision and interest in attending today, (2) increased my satisfaction with the symposium, (3) led to a better designed CPE symposium, (4) led to more relevant CPE for my professional learning needs, (5) enhanced my ability to reflect on what my specific learning needs are.”
Results: Forty-four participants responded; twenty-three of them completed both needs analyses and 21 completed neither. Prospective needs analyses significantly influenced pharmacists’ decision to attend the CPE symposium (p<0.01), increased pharmacist satisfaction with the symposium (p<0.001), led to a better designed symposium (p<0.001), improved relevance to professional practice (p<0.01), and enhanced pharmacists’ ability to reflect on learning needs (p<0.05) compared to those who did not participate in the needs analyses.
Conclusions: Prospective needs analyses may increase pharmacist CPE symposium attendance, satisfaction, design, relevance, and self-reflection abilities.

Publication Type: Abstract
Abstract: Objective: To utilize existing online Continuing Pharmacy Education (CPE) programs to augment therapeutics course content and introduce students to the concept of Continuing Professional Development (CPD). Methods: P3 students were assigned to complete the online Adult Immunization Training Program (AITP) as part of therapeutics course requirements. Bonus points were awarded for successful completion of both required (0.2 CEU) and elective (0.5 CEU) components. The AITP met all ACPE requirements. Students were surveyed to assess attitudes about early introduction of CPD. Results: All but 1 student and 96% (N=110) completed the required and the elective CPE programs, respectively. AITP evaluations were positive. Forty-five students (41%) completed the survey. Fifty-two percent of students were enthusiastic about the activity when it was assigned. Upon completion of AITP, the level of enthusiasm increased for 16%, stayed the same for 63% and decreased for 21% of the students. Students identified the following courses as those that could be augmented with online CPE activities: Therapeutics (75%), Non-prescription medications (75%), Jurisprudence (58%), and Health Care Systems (25%). Thirty percent of students would repeat this activity if it was not required and 20% would repeat it without the benefit of extra credit. Among the negative comments provided about the CPE activity, time constrains were the most commonly cited. Implications: Successful early introduction of CPE activities can accomplish many objectives, including course content augmentation and fostering life-long CPD. Further exploration of utilization of such activities across pharmacy curriculum is warranted.