Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The paper begins with a rough typology of the ways of ending a conflict from a Diktat, to a negotiated settlement to a resolution that is self-supporting and not based on any form of coercian.In the Cyprus case, following a brief analysis of the attempts at settlement from the 1950s to the Annan plan, we are particularly concened with statis or a creeping settlement. In a disjointed incremental way small changes occur with increasing frequency. Declaratory policy and action policy separate the one supposing a federal state the other 2 separate states-for both parties. The conflict may not end ,it just withers away although a flare up is always possible. Is this what happens in conflicts that are not sufficiently hurting?

Publication Type: Abstract
Abstract: The ongoing debate over the ethicality and effectiveness of integrating conservation and development is so thorny because it conflates two fundamentally irreconcilable and opposing truths. On one hand, true conservation requires eliminating or at least minimizing human use of natural systems. On the other, conservation is almost exclusively a human endeavor that ultimately requires getting resource users to support conservation aims. So what�s a conservation practitioner to do? The need to address this problem has become particularly acute and relevant in the context of recent efforts to develop a common language and software tools for designing, managing, monitoring, and learning from conservation efforts. If you are writing a vague text description of your ecotourism or education strategy, you can fudge and claim that this work will simultaneously achieve both conservation and development ends. But if you diagram a results chain (theory of change) showing how your proposed strategy will achieve both ends, you soon realize you have to make choices and tradeoffs -- that it is impossible to reach these mutually exclusive goals. The solution thus lies in sorting out ends from means. Conservation organizations need to focus solely on clear biodiversity ends, but make judicious use of development means that address human stakeholder needs and concerns. If we continue to conflate these two conflicting ends, resource over-use will inevitably lead to a mean end to conservation.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Two decades ago, Francis Fukuyama published “The End of History?,” one of the most widely debated political papers of the late twentieth century. With the irreversible demise of fascism and communism, it argued, history had ended as capitalism and democra

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Where many health movements consider a patient�s decision-making process in terms of prevention and screenings, only some attention is devoted to the decision-making process concerning treatment options, and even less attention is placed on how decisions are made about terminating treatment. In the case of terminal illness, many patients exercise their right to refuse treatment, particularly when treatment and the application of life-sustaining procedures would merely postpone death. While there has been much debate about refusing treatment, the value of care options, and ending life, little research has been done on how decisions are made, and even less have been evaluated empirically. The literature reviewed here regards both end-of-life care options (which include advanced directives, naming proxies, and subscribing to hospice care) and ending life care options (which include the refusal of basic medical treatment, rational suicide, and physician assisted suicide). Matters regarding decision-making within these life care choices will emerge and be discussed. In addition to detailing how these matters affect the decision-making process, this paper will tend to this neglected topic by addressing it through the theoretical framework of the social exchange model. While social exchange theory is not necessarily a decision-making model, it raises issues that clearly impact the decision-making process and relationships patients may have with caregivers, family, and medical personnel. Just how these and other factors may influence the decision-making process are of interest, and should direct future research regarding end of life care options and decision-making.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: On January 11, 2006, Taiwan amended the Securities and Exchange Act (TSEA). To enhance corporate governance and investor protection is the core value of the reform. The front-end corporate governance reform introduces, modifies, and codifies the exiting corporate governance practices, particularly introducing the independent directors and audit committee into the corporate structure of publicly held corporations. In addition, the reform focalizes on the private securities litigations as the rear-end corporate governance mechanism, particularly regarding civil liabilities for misrepresentations and omissions of material information in financial statements and insider trading. While applauding on the securities reform for enhancing investor protection, there still are problems unsettled. This article will not only introduce Taiwan�s current corporate governance reform under the corporate and securities laws, but also identify issues existing under or created by the reform. Because the reform is heavily influenced by the foreign legislation, the comparative approach will be employed. Moreover, Taiwan�s business cultures and cases, which might be similar to those of many Asian countries, will be analyzed. This article intends to signal that further reform on corporate governance shall be engaged on both front-end and rear-end mechanisms. To improve the function of the internal monitoring mechanism, introducing independent director and audit committee is not enough. The design of the front-end mechanism must link with the appropriate civil liabilities on those who offend the corporate governance mechanism. Recommendations will be made for improving the current corporate governance system.