Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This paper re-considers the meaning and role of non-violence in the civil rights movement. Focus is on three thinkers: Bayard Rustin, Malcolm X, and the little-known president of the National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc., Rev. Joseph H. Jackson.

Publication Type: Individual Paper
Abstract: The chief point of this paper is to examine the life of Luther Porter Jackson as it relates to the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History. Jackson was a respected African American historian and activist in the state of Virginia during the 1930’s and 1940’s. From 1922 to 1950 he taught and served as chair of the department of history at Virginia State College; Petersburg, VA. It contends that Jackson was the most successful out of all of the Carter G. Woodson historians in helping with the growth and development of the ASNLH. In his role within the ASNLH he was a staunch organizer, fundraiser, academic, and was very instrumental in helping the Association appeal to the masses. His presence within leading organizations such as the NAACP, the Virginia Voter’s League, and the Virginia Teachers’ Association made his appeal on behalf of the Association more valid. The time period that is focused on falls mainly between 1935 and 1950 when his impact on the ASNLH was felt the most. As an intellectual, Jackson was able to promote the idea of “Negro History” through his scholarly research. Finally, this paper examines the ideological differences between Luther P. Jackson and Carter G. Woodson. The issue of “Race Leader” is essential in looking at their relationship as well as Woodson’s relationship with others.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: In this paper, we examine the factors that affect the level of activity within the FCC?s Enforcement Bureau. We seek to determine whether variation in the Bureau?s activities can be attributed to changes in the political environment.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This paper explores one of the central policy contradictions of neo-liberal regimes: the intensification of punitive discourses and policies against traditional crimes such as homicide, theft and assault, versus the simultaneous normalization of social and financial corporate crime. It examines social processes that enable corporations to resist and neutralize periodic “get tough” campaignes. Using case studies of state responses such as Sarbanes-Oxley in the United States, Bill C-46 in Canada and a raft of related reforms in self-regulating professions such as accounting, the paper argues that such formal mechanisms of social control are fatally weakened by failures at the much more crucial informal level. The paper shows how, and asks why processes of “naming, blaming and shaming” or, in Foucauldian terms “inserting the power to punish deeper into the soul” have been ineffective against corporate criminality. The final section looks at mechanisms to strengthen these processes.

Publication Type: Invited Paper
Abstract: On CNN’s January 3 coverage of the Iowa caucuses, former Secretary of Education and current conservative commentator William Bennett said of Democratic candidate and U.S. Senator Barack Obama “He never plays the race card. Talk about the black community—he has taught the black community you don’t have to act like Jesse Jackson; you don’t have to act like Al Sharpton.” Bennett was only one of a chorus of conservative voices offering praise for candidate Obama. Much of that rhetoric was premised on the explicit assumption that race was not a salient issue, and broader narratives that mythologized Obama’s ascendance as evidence of a truly color-blind society. These assumptions are grounded in the rhetoric of whiteness, which Nakayama and Krizek identified as the “discursive frame that negotiates and reinforces white dominance.” This paper explains how conservative praise of Obama resulted in the following paradox: the strength of Obama’s candidacy, a material challenge to white hegemony, has been rhetorically appropriated in defense of that hegemony.