Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: American military occupations since 1945 have generally succeeded in their objectives, but there have been some spectacular failures. The paper shows the precense or absence of armed opposition to be a crucial factor in occupation outcomes.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Is the increasing adoption in recent years of reform driven "privatization" of employment conditions in the public sector leading to its decline as the "occupational niche" for African Americans? findings from a sample of male managers, professionals, and adminsitrators with data from the PSID indicates that, in the context of downward mobility, the recent adoption of a business model of employment conditions has paved the way for increasingly discretion-based allocation and evaluation practices that disadvantage African Americans, relative to similarly situated Whites. Specifically, narrower gaps in the incidence, determinants, and timing of downward moblity found in the public sector than the private sector during the pre-reform period eroded during the reform period primarily because of widening racial gaps in the public sector.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: This study uses data from the Panel Study of Income dynamics to assess hypotheses from the minority vulnerability thesis concerning racial differences in the incidence, magnitude, and determinants of downward occupational mobility from Managers/Administrators and Professional/Technical occupational categories across four years of the early work-career. Findings support the minority vulnerability thesis:African Americans, compared to similarly situated and credentialed Whites, had a higher rate of donward mobility, dropped further down the occupational ladder when experiencing downward mobility, and face a route to downward movement that is less strongly predicted by traditional stratification-based causal factors including background socioeconomic status, human capital credentials,and job/labor market characteristics. Subsequent analyses reveal that racial gaps in the incidence, mangitude, and determinants of downward mobility are more pronounced in the private than the public sector. Discussed are how the findings shed light on unresolved issues relating to racial inequality in the workplace.

Publication Type: Abstract
Abstract: By using a social psychological approach, this research investigated whether occupational aspirations led to migration for rural youth. The research question this paper is: Are young to middle-aged adults in rural areas with higher occupational aspirations more likely to migrate out of rural areas than young to middle-aged adults with lower aspirations. The age group for this study is 14-35. Aspirations were measured using Duncan's socioeconomic index (SEI) with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth in 1979. Results show that youth with high occupational aspirations migrate more than youth with medium and low occupational aspirations. They are more likely to reside in an urban county of residence in their middle ages.

Publication Type: Invited Paper
Abstract: It is well established that class and gender predict occupational placement across advanced industrialized countries. In exploratory analyses we document a third dimension to occupational segregation associated with family responsibilities, and consider explanations for cross-national variability in this dimension. Using data from ten countries contained in the Luxembourg Income Study we find that family responsibilities systematically influence occupational sorting, but do so differently for men and women. There is less variability in the effects of family status on men's occupational location than on women's across countries. Whereas family responsibilities consistently sort men into the highest pay levels of occupational categories, the pattern for women is bifurcated – with a hollowing out at the middle ranks. Using a novel set of national-level indicators, including data from the Multinational Time Use Survey, we find that the influence of family responsibilities on women’s occupational location is associated with prevailing standards for women’s domestic labor time.