Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The contemporary threat and conflict environment is characterized by the privatization of violence. A variety of non-state actors -- legitimate and illegitimate -- are eroding the nation-state's monopoly of violence. These include international non-governmental organizations, transnational corporations, private security and military companies, and terrorist and insurgent groups (or criminal soldiers). This situation is present in domestic and international settings, and results from and accelerates a change in state structures. As a consequence, terrorism, insurgency, transnational organized crime, gang violence, and homeland security are all facets of national and homeland security concerns. This complex, diffuse, and frequently networked security environment requires the development of new intelligence approaches. These approaches include organizational and conceptual models. This paper reviews the organizational and intelligence models developed for the Terrorism Early Warning Group (TEW) model and assesses the potential for applying them to critical infrastructure protection and broader strategic conflict early warning. Specifically, this paper reviews Intelligence Preparation for Operations, the Transaction Analysis Model and Transaction Analysis Cycle as methods for implementing public-private intelligence and risk management strategies to protect critical infrastructure as a component of global security.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Many social scientists emphasize the role of private property rights in providing the foundation for economic growth. At the same time, researchers typically expect these institutions to emerge only when sociopolitical conditions empower economic elites to restrain the state from expropriating profits. As such, we know very little about the conditions under which the poor demand private rights. My paper addresses this gap in the literature on private property rights by analyzing the PROCEDE program in Mexico—a land reform initiative designed to induce small farmers (ejidatarios) to voluntarily convert formerly state owned lands into privately owned plots. In this paper, I test the effects of land values and capital endowments in different municipalities, which I put into four categories of political context. I construct these categories according to the responsiveness of municipal governments to “popular” groups and the relative union density of ejidatarios. My model predicts that land values, capital endowments, and income inequality will impact the likelihood of privatization differently in these municipalities. I fit a logit model to my data and find no significant evidence that political context changes the impact of land values, capital endowments, and income equality on the likelihood of privatization. However, my data also suggest that human development and income inequality may have an impact the likelihood of privatization in the ejido sector, irrespective of political context.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Continental Europe neither has a substantial private security and military industry, nor do its states engage in the privatization of security and military services on a scale comparable to that in the USA or the UK. Instead, scepticism with regard to the