Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Thoroughbred horses are performance animals being subjected to mass production techniques (Ryan, 2004) similar to some factory farming practices. Speciesism is linked to economic commodification (Nibert, 2002) of ever more expensive race horses produced by the tens of thousands for over fifty thousand betting races per year. Factory farming practices include the mass use of highly regarded but unproven stallions for breeding which introduces genetic uniformity and may increase propagation of frail traits and the use of hormonal regimens to time mares in and out of pregnancy and foaling. Race tracks have many mass production trainers who are able to go through vast numbers of good racing prospects in the effort to find a classic winner. The backstretch is increasingly characterized by assembly line training operations in which horses are subjected to conditions that produce broken down “unwanted animals.” Public awareness of horse slaughter is increasing due to animal welfare activism, state and federal legislative efforts, celebrity horse death and the racing industry’s combination of humane interest and desire to prevent negative publicity. While veterinary associations argue in favor of slaughter to prevent unwanted animals, horse rescue organizations and retirement homes are developing sufficient resources to rescue thousands of horses. Francione (2000) argues that we cannot be morally concerned about animals and treat them as property- advocating guardianship. A computerized registry maintained by the thoroughbred industry and “retirement clauses” would allow breeders and original owners to keep better track of their animals and prevent slaughter.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Civil-military cooperation (CIMIC) has gained significantly in importance over the last decade, especially in the post-conflict reconstruction of war-torn societies where sustained violence and lawlessness requires prolonged military presence and close collaboration between military forces, local populations, and international and non-governmental organizations. Although CIMIC activities are becoming a regular operational component of post-conflict reconstruction and nation building missions, doctrinal inconsistencies and lack of cognitive preparation and cultural education for these missions may hamper mission accomplishment. The purpose of this paper is to assess the cognitive preparation of U.S. military leaders for CIMIC and the operational demands of peace building. Using survey methodology, this research will measure respondents? levels of patriotism and warriorism, as well as their support for peace operations and global institutions, and for civil-military cooperation and current U.S. foreign and national security policy as reflected in the 2002 National Security Strategy.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Little research has focused on the effects of male child sex experiences but rather studies aim at uncovering the consequences of child abuse. This paper uses findings from a study of violence in a college sample to discuss the effects of types of male child sex experiences. The four types of sex experiences measured in this research included: showing of sexual organs, fondling sexual organs, attempted sexual intercourse, and sexual intercourse. The findings indicate that child sex experiences have negative effects. Child sexual intercourse was found to be related to initiation of unwanted sex acts and belief in rape myths. In this research, deviant child sex experiences are related to future initiation of unwanted sexual behaviors and deviant sexual beliefs. This study also provides an etiological basis for the inclusion of males in victimology research.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Scholars have asserted that the homosexual advance defense is a male defense. However, none have engaged in a comparative study of the legal treatment of unwanted sexual advances on women. My comment seeks to provide this analysis by conceptualizing the homosexual advance defense as a form of legal recognition of unwanted sexual advances on men. In this piece, I compare the legal response to unwanted advances via the homosexual advance defense with the legal response to the two most common types of unwanted sexual advances faced by women: street harassment and sexual harassment in the workplace. As I demonstrate in my piece, courts have treated the same types of unwanted sexual advances differently based on the gender and sexual orientation of those involved. Court determinations about the severity of harassment, the abnormality of the harassment, the reasonableness and sufficiency of the defendant’s response and other factors may differ based on one’s identity. Harassment faced by women thus receives lesser legal recognition.

I seek to provide a broader analysis of the homosexual advance defense that recognizes its existence within a larger legal context; this context includes antidiscrimination law and is one in which women have also sought remedies in response to unwanted sexual advances. By examining the legal treatment of women who bring suit in response to unwanted sexual advances, I provide a critique of the homosexual advance defense that places the defense within the larger context of a legal system that overlooks harms to women and queer men.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Many studies on the effects of sexually explicit materials have focused primarily on intentional exposure to such content. Recently, however, researchers have begun to address the issue of the unintentional exposure to pornography on the Internet. However, there is no study on the effects of individual differences in Internet users’ responses to unwanted sexually explicit materials. This study uses the Sexual Opinion Survey and Hare Self-Report Psychopathy to measure college students’ sexual and antisocial dispositions. It found that samples those high in sexual disposition were more likely to expose themselves, by clicking a message or link, to unwanted Internet pornography when they happened to come across it during Interne use. Moreover, those high in antisocial disposition were more likely to click than those with a low antisocial disposition. Finally, those who were high both in sexual and antisocial dispositions were more likely to expose themselves to sexually explicit materials than other groups.