Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Poster Session on US Senate.

Supporting Publications:
Supporting Document

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: The link between drug abuse and criminality is well established. Yet drug-involved offenders, who commonly are poor, often do not receive adequate substance abuse treatment. This study uses national treatment admissions data from 1992 through 2005 to examine state variations in the effect of presence or absence of health insurance and type of health insurance coverage on the type of substance abuse treatment program to which criminal justice system-referred individuals are admitted. Given that Medicaid is a common source of payment for treatment, this research accounts for state-level variations in substance abuse treatment coverage allowed by Medicaid. Multivariate analyses reveal that the type of health care coverage an individual has (e.g., Medicaid, private health insurance) is a salient predictor of the type of treatment program to which one is admitted (e.g., inpatient versus outpatient), after controlling for factors such as substance type, employment status and demographic characteristics (including whether one is a veteran). The implications of these findings for both criminal justice and public health policy are considered.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: This paper introduces and makes use of a new data set to test whether, as a prominent qualitative study of Zambia's 1968 and 1973 elections suggests, voters in that country allocate their electoral support along lines of different ethnic identities in one-party and multi-party contests. The data set includes information about the tribal and language group backgrounds of every one of the 2,231 candidates that ran for parliament in Zambia between 1968 and 1999, as well as information about the election results and tribal and linguistic demographics of more than 850 electoral constituencies in seven national elections. I employ these data in a series of quantitative analyses to confirm that Zambians "vote their tribes" in one-party elections and "vote their language groups" in multi-party contests.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: What explains variations in state compliance with the 1997 OECD "Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions."? In an initial phase of follow-up monitoring to evaluate each country's implementing legislation, this Convention's peer-review monitoring group found a surprising variation in the compliance records of the OECD's four largest members. While Germany and the United States 'satisfactorily' complied with the Convention, France only 'sufficiently' complied and the United Kingdom did not comply. Why did some states comply and others not? Given the Convention's optimal design, function, and normative basis from the point of view of compliance theory, this outcome is particularly surprising. Employing evidence from research in the fours countries, and focusing on the U.K. case in particular, the paper assesses three alternative explanations for the observed variations in compliance: unintentional non-compliance; strategic trade; and norms related to transnational bribery. The analysis finds that none of the explanations initially suggested by the evidence is complete, but that a combination of strategic trade interests and normative factors is at play. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of this study for compliance theory in IR, and theories of international politics in general.

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Formal legal recognition of same-sex couples that provides at least some rights and responsibilities of marriage has spread rapidly throughout Western Europe, beginning with Denmark in 1989 and now in eight other countries. This article draws on conceptual frameworks of institutional change from several social sciences to explain why the nine countries recognize same-sex partnerships, while other countries with similar economic statuses, social histories, and religious traditions do not. One strand of theory focuses on the efficiency-enhancing potential of institutions, and a second strand of theory focuses on the conflict over institutional change. This paper uses both quantitative regression analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis of efficiency-related and conflict-related variables, including social norms, religiosity, political resources, and economic incentives, to explain the pattern of SSPR adoption. The findings suggest that tolerant attitudes toward homosexuality, low religiosity, and high levels of cohabitation are the primary predictors of a country’s legal recognition of same-sex partners.